Discussion
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the codes given below :
| List I | List II |
|---|---|
| (a) Leadership process | (1) Friendly interaction |
| (b) Motivational forces | (2) Overlapping groups |
| (c) Communication process | (3) Group participation |
| (d) Decision-making | (4) Confidence and trust |
Codes : (a) (b) (c) (d)
Answer: A
The correct matching is a-4, b-3, c-1, d-2.
The pairs come from Rensis Likert's description of the participative group system (System 4) in New Patterns of Management and The Human Organization:
- Leadership process: superiors show complete confidence and trust in subordinates (4).
- Motivational forces: motivation comes through group participation in setting goals and rewards (3).
- Communication (interaction-influence) process: extensive, friendly interaction with a high degree of trust (1).
- Decision-making: done throughout the organisation through overlapping groups linked by 'linking pins' (2).
Only the first code gives (4), (3), (1), (2).
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