Discussion
Which representation commits to objects and relations?
Answer: D
First order logic quantifies over objects and predicates their properties and relations, which is why it underlies almost every representation in the field. Propositional logic commits only to facts, probability theory adds degrees of belief to whatever ontology it is applied to, and temporal logic adds times to an existing commitment. Placing each formalism by what it assumes to exist organises them on a single scale rather than as unrelated alternatives.
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