Discussion
The lanthanide ion that exhibits color in aqueous solution is
Answer: B
The coloured ion is Eu(III).
Lanthanide colours come from f-f transitions within the 4f shell. Eu(III) is 4f6, with several f-f transitions in the visible region, and its aqueous solutions are pale pink.
La(III) is 4f0 and Lu(III) is 4f14: with an empty or full f shell there are no f-f transitions, so both are colourless. Gd(III) is 4f7, a half-filled shell whose first excited state lies so high that its absorptions fall in the ultraviolet, so it too is colourless in water.
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