Discussion
High speed roll control on a large transport.
| Speed range | Surfaces used | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| Low speed | Outboard and inboard ailerons, spoilers | Maximum roll available |
| Cruise | Inboard ailerons and spoilers | Outboard locked out |
| High speed | Inboard ailerons and spoilers | Avoiding aileron reversal |
| Approach | All surfaces | Maximum roll available |
What governs the lock-out of the outboard ailerons?
Answer: D
Correct answer: Wing twist that would reverse their effect
The outboard ailerons act at the flexible wing tip, where the load they apply twists the wing leading-edge-down and reduces its incidence. Above the reversal speed that twist more than cancels the aileron's own lift change.
Locking them out at high speed avoids the condition entirely, and roll is provided by inboard ailerons near the stiff root and by spoilers, neither of which twists the wing appreciably. The measure costs roll rate, which is why the outboard surfaces are brought back at the low speeds where they are safe.
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