Discussion
The vertical distance of a point above or below the datum is called?
Answer: A
The vertical distance of a point above or below the datum is its reduced level.
The reduced level (RL) of a point is its height relative to a chosen datum, usually mean sea level. Points above the datum have positive RLs and points below it negative ones. In levelling, the staff readings are 'reduced' to these levels, which is where the name comes from.
A bench mark is a reference point whose RL is known, not the distance itself. The height of instrument is the RL of the line of collimation of the level, a property of the instrument setting rather than of a point on the ground.
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