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The maximum value of the function \(f(x) = x\sqrt{4x - x^{2}}\) is

  • A.\(\sqrt{3}\)
  • B.\(4\sqrt{3}\)
  • C.\(5\sqrt{3}\)
  • D.\(3\sqrt{3}\)
  • E.\(6\sqrt{3}\)

Answer: D

The maximum value is \(3\sqrt{3}\).

The domain is \(0 \le x \le 4\). Maximise \(f^{2} = x^{2}(4x - x^{2}) = 4x^{3} - x^{4}\):

\[ \begin{aligned} \frac{d}{dx}(4x^{3} - x^{4}) &= 12x^{2} - 4x^{3} = 4x^{2}(3 - x) \\ x = 3: \ f &= 3\sqrt{12 - 9} = 3\sqrt{3} \end{aligned} \]

The function is 0 at both ends of the domain, so this critical point gives the maximum. \(4\sqrt{3}\) and \(6\sqrt{3}\) evaluate the root at the wrong point, and \(\sqrt{3}\) forgets the factor x.

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