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Gravel deposits are generally less susceptible to liquefaction because they

  • A.contain a large proportion of plastic fines that give the deposit cohesion
  • B.are invariably looser than the sand deposits that surround them
  • C.drain quickly enough to dissipate the pore pressure
  • D.are always found well above the level of the water table at any site

Answer: C

Correct answer: drain quickly enough to dissipate the pore pressure

Liquefaction requires the pore pressure to build up faster than it can escape, which is why it is essentially an undrained phenomenon. Gravel is permeable enough that the pressure generated by each cycle drains away as it forms. The exception worth knowing is a gravel confined between impermeable layers, which cannot drain and can liquefy.

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