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Lateral spreading is

  • A.the lateral compression of a soil deposit by the passage of a shear wave
  • B.down-slope movement of a crust on a liquefied layer
  • C.the vertical settlement of a building founded on a liquefied deposit beneath it
  • D.the upward movement of a buried tank through the liquefied soil around it

Answer: B

A surface crust riding on a liquefied layer can move metres towards a free face or down a very gentle slope, pulling apart everything founded on it. Pipelines, bridge abutments and quay walls are the structures most often damaged by it.

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