Discussion
A variable incidence tailplane with a separate elevator is used on large aeroplanes because
Answer: C
Correct answer: The tailplane trims, the elevator manoeuvres
Splitting the two functions lets each be optimised. The tailplane's incidence is adjusted slowly by a screwjack to trim out the large, sustained moment changes of configuration and centre of gravity, and it holds that setting without any hydraulic power.
The elevator is then left with only the smaller, faster demands of manoeuvring, so it can be smaller and its actuators lighter. The arrangement does not remove the need for feel, and a trimming tailplane is heavier than a fixed one, not lighter - the gain is in what the elevator no longer has to do.
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