Discussion
Ground effect adds a nose down moment coefficient of \( -0.03 \) during the flare. At \( -0.012 \) per degree of elevator, countering it needs
Answer: A
Correct answer: 2.5 degrees more up elevator
Divide the moment to be countered by the elevator's power:
\[ \frac{-0.03}{-0.012} = 2.5^\circ \]
The deflection is up, opposing the nose-down moment. Ground effect produces it by reducing the downwash at the tailplane: with less downwash the tail's effective angle of attack rises, it carries less download, and the nose drops. The demand arrives in the flare, at the lowest speed of the approach, where the elevator is least effective - which is what makes it a sizing case.
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