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Which of the following is not a reason a T-tail may lose elevator effectiveness?

  • A.The tailplane enters the wing wake
  • B.The wake carries little energy
  • C.Very high angles of attack are reached
  • D.The elevator becomes overbalanced at high incidence

Answer: D

Correct answer: The elevator becomes overbalanced at high incidence

Overbalance is a hinge moment problem: the surface tends to deflect further of its own accord, and the pilot feels the force reverse. It concerns the force at the stick, not the pitching moment the surface generates.

The genuine reasons are the other three, and they are one mechanism stated three ways: at very high angles of attack the tailplane enters the wing wake, and the wake carries little energy, so the surface generates far less moment per degree. That is the deep stall mechanism.

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