Discussion
Which one of the following minerals melts incongruently ?
Answer: B
Of these, pyrite melts incongruently.
A mineral melts incongruently when, on heating, it breaks down into a liquid and a different solid instead of a liquid of its own composition. Pyrite, FeS2, does not melt as such: at about 743°C it breaks down to pyrrhotite and a sulphur-rich liquid.
Forsterite, anorthite and quartz melt congruently at atmospheric pressure, each to a liquid of its own composition (at about 1890°C, 1553°C and 1713°C respectively). The textbook example of a silicate melting incongruently, enstatite (to forsterite plus liquid), is not among the options.
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