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The relative permeability of a Ferromagnetic material is usually :

  • A.Slightly higher than unity
  • B.Unity
  • C.Slightly less than unity
  • D.Very high (from several hundreds to many thousands)

Answer: D

The relative permeability of a ferromagnetic material is very high, from several hundreds to many thousands.

In ferromagnetic materials such as iron, nickel, cobalt and their alloys, the magnetic domains align with an applied field and reinforce it many times over. Soft iron and silicon steel have relative permeabilities in the thousands, and special alloys such as mu-metal reach far higher.

A value slightly higher than unity is typical of paramagnetic materials such as aluminium, and slightly less than unity of diamagnetic materials such as copper. A relative permeability of exactly one belongs to free space and to non-magnetic materials.

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