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In a material whose atoms carry permanent moments that align only partially with an applied field, the susceptibility is

  • A.negative and strongly temperature dependent
  • B.small and positive, falling as the temperature rises
  • C.small and negative, independent of temperature
  • D.large and positive, of order a thousand

Answer: B

Permanent atomic moments align partially with the field, so the material is weakly attracted, and thermal agitation opposes that alignment, which is Curie's law. Aluminium and oxygen are examples, with susceptibilities of order plus ten to the minus five.

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