Discussion
Identify the correct statements from the following :
(i) Proton precession magnetometer measures the total field
(ii) Fluxgate magnetometer measures the total field
(iii) Fluxgate magnetometer measures a Component of the field
(iv) Proton precession magnetometer measures component of the field
Answer: C
Statements i and iii are correct, so the answer is (i) and (iii).
A proton precession magnetometer measures the frequency at which protons in a liquid such as kerosene precess around the ambient field after a polarising field is switched off. That frequency is proportional to the strength of the field whatever its direction, so the instrument measures the total field (i).
A fluxgate magnetometer uses ferromagnetic cores that saturate in an alternating field; the imbalance produced by the external field is sensitive to the field component along the core axis, so it measures a component of the field (iii). Statements ii and iv swap the two instruments.
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