Discussion
The term symbol for the electronic ground state of oxygen atom is
Answer: D
The ground-state term of oxygen is \({}^{3}P_{2}\).
Oxygen is \(1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{4}\). Hund’s rules for the four 2p electrons:
- Maximum spin: place the electrons with \(m_{l} = +1, 0, -1\) spin up and one more spin down, giving \(S = 1\), a triplet.
- Maximum \(L\) for that spin: the paired electron goes into \(m_{l} = +1\), so \(M_{L} = 1\) and \(L = 1\), a P term.
- The shell is more than half full, so the largest \(J = L + S = 2\) lies lowest.
\({}^{3}P_{0}\) would be the ground state for a less-than-half-filled p shell such as carbon (\(2p^{2}\)). \({}^{1}D_{2}\) and \({}^{1}S_{0}\) are excited terms of the same configuration, with lower spin.
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