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What is electron impact ionisation?

  • A.Irradiating the sample with ultraviolet light
  • B.Spraying the solution from a charged capillary
  • C.Bombarding vapour with electrons of about seventy volts
  • D.Passing the sample through a strong electric field

Answer: C

A beam of electrons accelerated through about seventy volts knocks an electron out of each molecule, leaving a radical cation with a great deal of excess energy. The other options describe field ionisation, photoionisation and electrospray. Seventy volts is far more than the ten or so needed, and that surplus is precisely what produces the rich fragmentation the technique is valued for. A limit that survives making every external component ideal is an intrinsic one, and worth knowing for that reason.

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