Discussion
What does matrix-assisted laser desorption use the matrix for?
Answer: B
The analyte is embedded in a large excess of a small organic compound that absorbs strongly at the laser wavelength and expands into the vapour, carrying the intact analyte with it. It does contribute protons, which is a secondary role, but the energy absorption is the point. Interposing a sacrificial absorber between an energy source and a fragile target is a general strategy, and here it delivers proteins into the gas phase undamaged. Working one numerical case through both cases side by side fixes the distinction better than any rule of thumb.
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