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Match each situation with what the degrees of freedom count indicates.
List I
A. Zero
B. Positive
C. Negative
D. Negative with consistent data
List II
1. the problem is over-specified
2. the problem is exactly specified
3. some specifications are redundant
4. more specifications are needed

  • A.A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
  • B.A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
  • C.A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
  • D.A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1

Answer: B

Correct answer: A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3

Counting unknowns less independent equations: zero means the problem is exactly specified and has a unique solution; a positive count means more specifications are needed; a negative count means it is over-specified. The last case splits in two - if the extra data are consistent the surplus specifications are merely redundant, and if they are not, the data contain an error.

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