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What condition defines a symmetric matrix?

  • A.it equals its own transpose
  • B.it equals the negative of its own transpose
  • C.its determinant equals unity
  • D.all its diagonal entries are zero

Answer: A

Equality with the transpose means the entry in row i column j matches that in row j column i, so the matrix is a mirror image across the leading diagonal. Every real symmetric matrix has real eigenvalues and can be diagonalised by an orthogonal matrix, which is why the form matters so much in practice.

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