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What can be said of the eigenvalues of a real symmetric matrix?

  • A.they are all real
  • B.they are all purely imaginary
  • C.they are all zero or one
  • D.they occur in complex conjugate pairs

Answer: A

Realness of the spectrum is what makes such matrices so tractable, and their eigenvectors for distinct eigenvalues are mutually orthogonal. Both facts underpin principal axis analysis and the theory of quadratic forms.

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