Discussion
Which of these best describes a resident set?
Answer: A
Correct answer: The pages of a process currently held in physical memory
The resident set is the portion of a process’s pages that are actually in physical memory at a given moment. The rest of its address space sits on the backing store. It should be distinguished from two neighbouring ideas. The address space, the second option, is everything the process could in principle reference. The working set is the pages referenced within a recent window - a measure of what the process needs rather than what it currently has. The relation between resident set and working set is what determines performance. If the resident set contains the working set, faults are rare; if it is smaller, the process faults constantly and thrashes. Frame allocation policy is essentially the business of keeping the first at least as large as the second. Resident set size is what a process monitor reports as a program’s memory use, and it is why that figure is usually far smaller than the program’s virtual size - and why the two are reported separately.
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