Discussion
In a paged system, a logical address is divided into
Answer: C
Correct answer: a page number and an offset within the page
A logical address in a paged system splits into a page number and an offset. The page number indexes the page table to yield a frame number; the offset is carried through unchanged and appended to it to give the physical address. The split is determined by the page size, which is a power of two. With a page size of \( 2^{n} \) bytes, the low \( n \) bits are the offset and the rest are the page number. That is precisely why page sizes are powers of two: the division needs no arithmetic at all, only a partition of the bits. A 32-bit address with 4 KB pages therefore gives a 12-bit offset and a 20-bit page number, allowing a million pages. The choice of page size is a trade-off. Larger pages mean smaller page tables and fewer faults for sequential access, but more internal fragmentation and more wasted transfer. Most systems settle on 4 KB, with support for larger pages where a workload benefits.
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