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Firm A has a value of $200 million, and B has a value of $120 million. Merging the two would allow a cost savings with a present value of $30 million. Firm A purchases B for $130 million. How much do firm A's shareholders gain from this merger?

  • A.$30 million
  • B.$20 million
  • C.$15 million
  • D.$10 million

Answer: B

Correct answer: $20 million

A’s shareholders gain the difference:

NPV = 30 - 10 = $20 million.

Two thirds of the value created accrues to the acquirer here, against three quarters in the earlier example - the difference lying entirely in the premium paid, since the synergy in each case was fixed by the businesses rather than by the bargaining.

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