Discussion
Firm A has 100 shares outstanding at a market price of $100 each and total earnings of $600. Firm B has 100 shares outstanding at a market price of $16 each and total earnings of $200. The merger is expected to produce synergies with a present value of $600.
Firm A acquires Firm B at $20 per share for Firm B's stock. Calculate the NPV of the merger to Firm A.
Answer: A
Correct answer: $200
A pays 100 shares x $20 = $2,000 for a firm worth 100 x $16 = $1,600, so the cost is $400. The NPV to A is the gain less that cost: 600 - 400 = $200. A’s shareholders keep a third of what the merger creates and B’s shareholders take two thirds, which is what the $4 per share premium buys them.
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