Discussion
The figure depicts stability fields of minerals P and Q. Which one of the following statements is INCORRECT?
Answer: D
The incorrect statement is that a reaction forming Q from P at constant pressure will require an input of heat.
The P-Q boundary slopes up towards higher pressure, so at any fixed pressure Q lies on the low-temperature side and P on the high-temperature side. Forming Q from P at constant pressure therefore means crossing the boundary on cooling: P is the high-entropy phase, and the reaction releases heat rather than absorbing it.
The other statements fit the diagram. The P-Q boundary is sloping, not horizontal, so two coexistence points at different temperatures must be at different pressures. P, Q and liquid meet at a single invariant point. The Q-liquid curve rises with pressure, so Q melts at a higher temperature at higher pressure.
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