Discussion
In which atmospheric condition is the environmental lapse rate less than the moist adiabatic lapse rate ?
Answer: A
The atmosphere is absolutely stable.
Stability is judged by comparing the environmental lapse rate (ELR) with the dry adiabatic lapse rate (about 9.8°C/km) and the moist (saturated) adiabatic lapse rate (about 6°C/km). If the ELR is less than the moist rate, it is also less than the dry rate, so a rising parcel, saturated or not, always cools faster than its surroundings, becomes denser and sinks back. The air is stable for every parcel.
Absolute instability needs an ELR greater than the dry rate. Conditional instability occurs when the ELR lies between the two adiabatic rates, stable for dry air but unstable for saturated air.
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