Discussion
The reflection term in the Gaussian plume equation accounts for
Answer: D
Correct answer: Pollutant reflected up from the ground
The reflection term treats the ground as a perfect reflector. In the mathematics it is an image source placed as far below the surface as the real source is above it; physically it represents pollutant that reaches the ground and is turned back up into the plume instead of being absorbed or deposited.
Including it raises the calculated ground level concentration, which makes the estimate conservative - appropriate when the deposition velocity is small or unknown. It has nothing to do with radiation, with wind shear, or with deposition, which if it occurred would remove material and lower the concentration.
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