Discussion
The effective stack height is
Answer: A
Correct answer: The physical stack height plus the plume rise
The effective stack height \( H \) is the physical stack height \( h_s \) plus the plume rise \( \Delta h \): the height at which the plume levels off and begins to travel horizontally. It is this height, not the stack top, that enters the Gaussian plume equation.
The distinction matters because maximum ground level concentration varies roughly as \( 1/H^2 \), so a hot buoyant plume from a modest stack may disperse better than a cold one from a taller stack. Plume rise comes from the momentum of the exit velocity and, more importantly, the buoyancy of the hot gas.
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