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Fumigation occurs when

  • A.A breaking inversion mixes a plume to the ground
  • B.A plume is trapped aloft indefinitely
  • C.Rain scavenges a plume
  • D.The wind speed exceeds ten metres per second

Answer: A

Correct answer: A breaking inversion mixes a plume to the ground

Fumigation occurs when a nocturnal inversion breaks up in the morning. Solar heating erodes the inversion from below, and as the growing unstable layer reaches a plume that has been travelling in the stable air above, the trapped material is mixed rapidly down to the surface.

The result is a short period - typically half an hour to an hour - of very high ground level concentration, because pollutant accumulated overnight arrives all at once. A plume trapped aloft indefinitely is the fanning case, and rain scavenging is wet deposition, an entirely different removal process.

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