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Consider the following pairs of change and its effect on ground level concentration:

Higher wind speed - Lower concentration

Greater effective stack height - Lower maximum concentration

Shallower mixing height - Higher concentration

More unstable conditions - Higher concentration far downwind

How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

  • A.Only two
  • B.All four
  • C.Only three
  • D.Only one

Answer: C

Correct answer: Only three

Three pairs are right. A higher wind speed lowers concentration, since \( u \) sits in the denominator; a greater effective stack height lowers the maximum, which varies roughly as \( 1/H^2 \); and a shallower mixing height raises concentration by reducing the volume available for dilution.

The fourth is wrong in its detail. More unstable conditions raise concentrations close to the stack, because the plume grows quickly and reaches the ground sooner, but they lower them far downwind, since the same vigorous mixing dilutes the plume rapidly thereafter. Instability moves the peak nearer and makes it higher, not the reverse.

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