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Which one of the following is a free-living photosynthetic nitrogen fixer?

  • A.Frankia
  • B.Clostridium
  • C.Rhodospirillum
  • D.Rhizobium

Answer: C

The free-living photosynthetic nitrogen fixer is Rhodospirillum.

Rhodospirillum rubrum is a purple non-sulphur bacterium: it carries out anoxygenic photosynthesis, lives freely in water and mud, and has nitrogenase, so it fixes nitrogen without a host.

Frankia (an actinomycete with alder and other non-legumes) and Rhizobium (with legumes) fix nitrogen mainly in symbiotic root nodules and are not photosynthetic. Clostridium is free-living and fixes nitrogen, but it is an anaerobic heterotroph, not photosynthetic.

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