Discussion
In the extracellular medium, DNA-degrading enzymes would likely be to prevent transfer of DNA by
Answer: C
Correct answer: natural transformation
Natural transformation is the only one of these in which DNA travels through the medium as naked molecules. A competent cell takes up free DNA from its surroundings, so nucleases in the extracellular medium destroy that DNA before it can be taken up and the process is blocked.
In conjugation the DNA passes directly from donor to recipient through a mating bridge, never entering the medium, and in transduction it is packaged inside a phage capsid that protects it from nucleases. Sensitivity to added DNase is in fact the classic experimental test used to distinguish transformation from the other two mechanisms.
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