Discussion
The term used for acquisition of naked DNA from its environment and its incorporation in their genome by a bacterium is
Answer: A
Correct answer: transformation
Transformation is the uptake of naked DNA from the environment by a competent bacterium and its incorporation into the genome, usually by homologous recombination. It was the first mechanism of bacterial gene transfer discovered, in Griffith's 1928 pneumococcal experiment, and the one Avery, MacLeod and McCarty used in 1944 to identify DNA as the genetic material.
Conjugation requires cell-to-cell contact and transduction requires a phage vector. Lysogenic conversion is the change of phenotype caused by genes carried on a resident prophage, which is a consequence of lysogeny rather than a route of DNA uptake.
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