Discussion
Which of the following bacteriophages are responsible for specialised transduction?
Answer: B
Correct answer: Lysogenic phages
Specialised transduction is carried out by lysogenic, or temperate, phages. Such a phage integrates its genome into the bacterial chromosome at a specific attachment site, and when the prophage later excises imprecisely it takes the immediately adjacent bacterial genes with it - the gal and bio genes in the classic lambda example.
Because excision always occurs at the same place, only those particular genes can be transferred, which is exactly what makes the process specialised. A strictly lytic phage such as T4 never integrates, so it can only package random fragments of host DNA and gives generalised transduction instead.
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