Discussion
In generalised transduction, the transducing phage particle carries
Answer: D
Correct answer: a random fragment of the host bacterial chromosome
In generalised transduction the phage packaging machinery mistakenly encloses a random fragment of the fragmented host chromosome instead of phage DNA. Any host gene may therefore be transferred, with roughly equal probability. The resulting particle is defective as a phage - it contains no phage genome and cannot replicate - but it can inject its bacterial DNA into a new cell, where it may recombine into the recipient chromosome. The contrast with specialised transduction is the point most often examined. There a temperate phage excises imprecisely from its integration site and carries only the adjacent host genes, so the transfer is restricted to particular loci. The amount of DNA carried is limited by the capsid, typically one to two per cent of the bacterial chromosome, which is why generalised transduction transfers only closely linked genes together - and that limitation is exactly what makes it useful for fine-scale co-transduction mapping.
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