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In which of the following situation is the elasticity less than unity?

  • A.If the outlay increases with decrease in price
  • B.If the outlay decreases with increase in price
  • C.If the outlay increases with increase in price
  • D.If the outlay remains same with decrease in price

Answer: C

Elasticity of demand is below one (inelastic demand) when the percentage change in quantity is smaller than the percentage change in price. Then total outlay moves in the same direction as price: when price rises the outlay on the good rises, and when price falls the outlay falls. So an outlay that increases with an increase in price signals elasticity below unity. Outlay that rises when the price falls, or falls when the price rises, signals elastic demand, and an unchanged outlay when the price falls signals unit elasticity. The answer is option C.

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