Discussion
What is the typical impedance bandwidth of a simple patch antenna?
Answer: D
A thin substrate patch gives only one to three per cent for a two to one standing wave ratio, because it is a high quality factor resonator with a small radiating volume. Thicker and lower permittivity substrates, stacked patches and parasitic elements all widen it, at the cost of size, surface waves or complexity. Narrow bandwidth is the patch's defining weakness, and almost every refinement of the basic design is an attempt to do something about it.
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