Discussion
How is circular polarisation obtained from a single square patch?
Answer: C
Truncating opposite corners splits the degenerate pair of orthogonal modes slightly in frequency, so that at the design frequency they are equal in amplitude and ninety degrees apart in phase. A nearly square patch fed on the diagonal achieves the same effect. Centre feeding excites nothing, a slab is a superstrate rather than a polariser, and rotation changes the orientation of a linear polarisation rather than its nature. Splitting a degenerate resonance is the single feed route to circular polarisation.
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