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How does a stacked patch widen the bandwidth?

  • A.The extra substrate raises the effective permittivity of the structure
  • B.The parasitic patch absorbs the reflected power at band edges
  • C.Two coupled resonances merge into a broader response
  • D.The upper patch shields the lower one from the surrounding air

Answer: C

Two resonators tuned slightly apart and coupled give a double humped response that is flatter and wider than either alone, exactly as in a two pole filter. The spacing and the coupling set how wide and how flat. Shielding, permittivity and absorption are not the mechanism, and absorbing reflected power would be a loss rather than a gain in bandwidth. Recognising the antenna as a resonant circuit lets the whole vocabulary of filter design be brought to bear on its bandwidth.

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