Discussion
Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R) :
Assertion (A) : Goitre is prevalent among Himalayan populations.
Reason (R) : People suffer from Goitre due to iodine deficiency.
Codes :
Answer: D
Both statements are correct. Goitre, an enlargement of the thyroid gland, is common among populations of the Himalayan region, where soil and water are poor in iodine. The reason is also true, since goitre is caused chiefly by iodine deficiency, which leads to a deficiency of thyroid hormone and an enlarged gland.
The other options call one or both false, and so are wrong.
Iodine is a part of thyroxine, so where the diet lacks it the pituitary keeps stimulating the thyroid and the gland swells. Mountain regions far from the sea, with leached soils, are classic goitre belts, which explains why Himalayan groups are affected.
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