Discussion
E factor is calculated by kg of waste producted per kg of product. The E factor for the following conversion is :
2 C6H5I + Cu → C6H5 - C6H5 + CuI2
The reaction gave 100% conversion :
Answer: A
The E factor is 2.0.
The E factor is the mass of waste produced per unit mass of product. With 100% conversion, the only waste is CuI2 (as the equation is written), and the product is biphenyl:
\[ \begin{aligned} M(\mathrm{C_{12}H_{10}}) &= 154 \\ M(\mathrm{CuI_{2}}) &= 63.5 + 2(126.9) = 317.3 \\ E &= \frac{317.3}{154} = 2.06 \approx 2.0 \end{aligned} \]
Mass balance checks it: 2 PhI (408) + Cu (63.5) = 471.5 = 154 + 317.3. An E factor of 1.0 would need equal masses of waste and product, and 4.0 or 8.3 overstate the waste.
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