Discussion
DNA amplification in the polymerase chain reaction is
Answer: D
DNA amplification in PCR is exponential.
Each cycle of denaturation, annealing and extension copies every target molecule present, so in the ideal case the number of copies doubles each cycle. After n cycles,
\[ N = N_{0} \times 2^{n} \]
so 30 cycles can turn one molecule into about a billion copies.
Linear amplification would add a fixed number of copies each cycle, as when only one primer is used. Parabolic growth has no basis in the reaction. A real-time PCR curve does flatten into a sigmoid at late cycles, when primers and enzyme run short, but that plateau marks the end of amplification; the amplification itself is exponential.
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