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The protein binding site in DNA can be identified by the following experiment :

  • A.DNA footprinting
  • B.Mobility shift assay
  • C.Western blotting
  • D.DNA fingerprinting

Answer: A

The protein binding site is identified by DNA footprinting.

In footprinting, a DNA fragment labelled at one end is lightly digested with DNase I (or cut with hydroxyl radicals) with and without the bound protein. The protein shields the bases it covers, so on a sequencing gel the ladder of fragments shows a gap, the 'footprint', exactly at the binding site, which can be read against a sequence ladder.

A mobility shift assay (EMSA) shows that a protein binds a DNA fragment, by slowing its migration, but not where on the fragment. Western blotting detects proteins with antibodies, and DNA fingerprinting identifies individuals from repeat polymorphisms.

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