Discussion
For a molecule to be Raman active :
Answer: C
A vibration is Raman active when the molecular motion causes some change in the polarizability.
Raman scattering arises from the dipole induced by the light's electric field, which depends on the polarizability. Only if the polarizability changes during the vibration or rotation does the scattered light carry the shifted frequencies.
Merely having polarizability is not enough, since every molecule has some. A change in dipole moment is the selection rule for infrared absorption, and a permanent dipole moment is the condition for a pure rotational (microwave) spectrum. Homonuclear diatomics such as N2 have no dipole yet are Raman active.
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