Discussion
Which of the following molecule has 3 bond pairs and 2 lone pairs of electrons?
Answer: C
The molecule is \(ClF_{3}\).
Chlorine has 7 valence electrons; three are used in bonds with fluorine, leaving four as two lone pairs. Five electron pairs give a trigonal bipyramidal arrangement, and the molecule is T-shaped.
\(NH_{3}\) has 3 bond pairs and 1 lone pair; \(H_{2}O\) has 2 and 2; \(SF_{4}\) has 4 and 1; \(SO_{2}\) has 2 sigma bonds and 1 lone pair on sulphur.
The lone pairs occupy equatorial positions of the bipyramid, where they repel bonds least, which is why \(ClF_{3}\) is T-shaped rather than trigonal planar.
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