Discussion
The z-average molecular weight, \(\overline{M_{z}}\) can be estimated using
Answer: D
The z-average molecular weight is measured by Ultracentrifugation.
In sedimentation equilibrium in an ultracentrifuge, the concentration gradient set up in the cell weights the molecules in a way that yields \(\overline{M_{z}}\) (and \(\overline{M_{w}}\)) directly. \(\overline{M_{z}}\) gives extra weight to the largest molecules and is sensitive to the high-mass tail of the distribution.
End group analysis and osmometry count molecules, so they give the number average \(\overline{M_{n}}\). Viscometry gives the viscosity average \(\overline{M_{v}}\), which lies between the number and weight averages.
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