Discussion
Identify which one of the following materials cannot be used for the gate electrode in a MOSFET ?
Answer: D
The material that cannot be used as the gate electrode is hafnium dioxide.
The gate electrode must be a conductor. Aluminium was the original gate metal, tungsten and other refractory metals are used in metal gate stacks, and gold, though rarely used in silicon processing because it contaminates silicon, is a conductor that can serve as a gate in experimental and compound-semiconductor devices.
Hafnium dioxide (HfO2) is an insulator. It is used in modern high-k metal gate transistors as the gate dielectric, the layer under the electrode, precisely because it does not conduct, so it cannot be the gate electrode itself.
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