Discussion
Mastery Oriented learners typically attribute success to __________ and failure to __________.
Answer: D
Mastery-oriented learners attribute success to ability and effort and failure to insufficient effort.
In attribution theory, what matters is whether the cause a learner names is internal and controllable. Mastery-oriented students credit their successes to their own ability and hard work, and explain failures by something they can change, usually not having tried hard enough or used the right strategy. So a failure makes them work harder rather than give up.
Blaming bad luck or task difficulty puts the cause outside the learner's control, and blaming low ability makes it stable and uncontrollable. Those are the attributions of learned-helpless or failure-avoiding students, so the options that use them describe the opposite pattern.
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