Discussion
In MS Excel, what does the SUMPRODUCT function do?
Answer: A
Correct answer: Multiplies corresponding items in the given arrays and adds the products
SUMPRODUCT multiplies corresponding elements of two or more ranges and adds the results. =SUMPRODUCT(A1:A10,B1:B10) is the standard way to total quantity times price without a helper column. Its wider usefulness comes from a second property: it handles arrays without needing Ctrl + Shift + Enter. Because a logical test returns TRUE or FALSE, which behave as 1 and 0 in arithmetic, conditions can be embedded directly. =SUMPRODUCT((A1:A10="Delhi")*(B1:B10>100)) counts rows meeting both conditions, and multiplying by a third range totals them. That made it the standard multi-condition tool before COUNTIFS and SUMIFS existed, and it remains more flexible than either, since its conditions can be any expression rather than a criteria string. All ranges must be the same size, or it returns #VALUE!. Text is treated as zero, which is why an unexpected zero usually means a column of numbers stored as text.
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